World Turtle Day with Aayush Dhungana

Aayush Dhungana is a young turtle conservationist working with communities in Nepal. In honour of World Turtle Day (May 23), we chatted with Aayush about turtles, community engagement, and career advice.

Can you tell us about your career path so far?

I hold a Bachelor’s degree in Forestry, with a strong focus on wildlife research and conservation. Throughout my undergraduate studies, I actively participated in various research and conservation initiatives involving a range of species, including turtles, owls, crocodiles, pangolins, and squirrels. I’m really passionate about wildlife conservation, especially when it comes to lesser-known species like freshwater turtles and other aquatic animals that often don’t get much attention.

My interest in turtle conservation began during my time at the Institute of Forestry, Hetauda for my Bachelor’s degree. The campus and its surrounding areas are home to two highly threatened turtle species; one listed as Endangered and the other as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. I was fortunate to observe these highly threatened and elusive turtles around our area, which provided ideal habitat conditions such as dense leaf litter, abundant food sources, and access to water.

However, one incident left a lasting impact on me. During a forest fire near the boys’ hostel, we found a burned carcass of an Endangered Tricarinate Hill Turtle (Melanochelys tricarinata). The loss of such a rare and highly threatened species, especially one we had regularly observed that individual inside our hostel periphery, in what seemed like a safe habitat, was heartbreaking. That tragic moment triggered me more. It highlighted the urgent need to protect these overlooked species and their fragile habitats.

Since that day, I have dedicated myself to turtle conservation, from rescuing individuals in problematic situations to raising awareness and contributing in developing impactful projects. I have also prioritize developing strong networks with turtle conservationists in Nepal and abroad to exchange knowledge and learn newer dimensions of conservation practices. Moreover, I am trying to encourage my juniors to take part in research and conservation efforts for these often-neglected species.

Can you tell us more about your current project with turtles and communities in the Ghodaghodi Lake Complex?

The Ghodaghodi Lake Complex is home to a rich diversity of turtles, with 11 out of the 19 taxa known to occur in Nepal. However, many of these species are under threat due to local consumption, illegal trade, road accidents, bycatch, invasive species, and wildfires. Unfortunately, local communities are often unaware of the challenges these species face and the ecological importance of turtles.

My project focuses on bridging this gap through awareness and capacity-building initiatives. By educating local communities, especially the local ethnic Tharu community, about the significance of turtles and the legal protections in place, I aim to inspire behavioral change and active participation in turtle conservation efforts. Additionally, the project will build the capacity of local conservationists to help in halting threats to the species by enforcing stronger laws and increased patrols in the area in collaboration with local law enforcement agencies. The project also aims to integrate conservation awareness into public infrastructures, in the adjacent highway and high human activity areas. Through these efforts, this project hopes to build a foundation for sustainable turtle conservation in the region.

Why are turtles important to you?

Turtles are among the most important species for maintaining ecosystem integrity. However, beyond their environmental role, turtles hold a deep personal meaning for me. I see them as symbols of longevity, wisdom, and patience. Despite their critical contributions to ecosystem balance, turtles are often neglected in conservation efforts, which makes them even more important to me. I believe each species has a unique and irreplaceable role, and turtles are no exception.

There is so much I (we) can learn from turtles. Their slow and steady movement is a reminder that progress doesn’t always need to be fast to be meaningful. They teach me that consistent, patient effort, no matter how small can lead to lasting results. Their resilience and ability to endure harsh conditions inspire me to stay steady and adaptable in the face of challenges. Protecting turtles is not just saving a species, it’s about preserving wisdom, resilience, and balance in nature and values I try to follow in my conservation journey.

Why should we all appreciate turtles more?

While often overlooked, turtles play a vital role in maintaining the health of aquatic ecosystems. They are also known as the vultures of aquatic ecosystems because they feed on dead organisms, carrion, and algae, helping to keep rivers and wetlands clean. In addition to this scavenging role, turtles contribute to seed dispersal, nutrient cycling, and even support symbiotic relationships with other organisms. They’re also important as bioindicators, since their presence reflects the health of freshwater ecosystems. In some cultures, they’re even believed to be the reincarnation of gods, which adds a deeper layer of meaning to their protection.

Yet despite their importance, turtles are among the most threatened vertebrates in the world. Many species are silently disappearing due to consumption as a source of food, habitat loss, illegal trade, pet use, pollution, and climate change. Their decline is not just a loss of biodiversity, but a sign of deeper issues in our freshwater systems; issues that also affect people. By appreciating and protecting turtles, we are also protecting the health of our rivers, wetlands, and the communities that depend on them. Turtles deserve more attention for what they do as well as for the wisdom and balance they represent in nature.

Any advice for early-career conservation leaders? 

Honestly, I’m still on the journey myself and actively pursuing conservation funding but here’s what I’ve picked up so far: conservation isn’t easy, funding is tight, fieldwork gets messy, and results take time. But in the middle of all that chaos, be like a turtle; Calm, unbothered and protected by your imaginary shell. Remember: slow and steady doesn’t just win the race; it passes you through tough phases. Patience and persistence are our superpowers.

What has been your favourite experience with nature or what is your favourite way to connect with nature?

My favorite way to connect with nature is simple: grab a pair of binoculars, head out for a nature walk, and explore new places I haven’t seen before. There’s always something magical about stepping into the wild, observing everything around you, and being completely amazed by the world that’s often right in front of us but overlooked. Whether it’s climbing to a high point for a broader view or just sitting quietly and watching natural dramas, it’s always an unforgettable experience.

What’s your favourite turtle joke?

So, there was this big race to see who could get home first. The rabbit jumped off, the deer sprinted ahead, and the bird was soaring high and fast, giving all, it had. But guess who won? The turtle! Why? Because while everyone was rushing, the turtle was like, “No worries, I carry my home with me!”